Hypogymnia bryophila McCune is described as a new species of lichenized fungi from Portugal. Previously included under H. farinacea Zopf (syn. H. bitteriana (Zahlbr.) Räs) or H. austerodes (Nyl.) Räs., it often has terminal soralia similar to H. bitteri (Lynge) Ahti, as well as laminal soralia, but the soralia appear along edges of cracks in the cortex, similar to H. farinacea. Furthermore, the lobes are more lax and imbricate as compared to these other species. Hypogymnia bryophila is the only species of the 85 known in this genus that contains protocetraric acid without physodalic acid. A protocetraric acid-deficient chemotype is also known. So far H. bryophila is known primarily from mossy granitic rock, rarely on Pinus pinaster, in Serra da Estrela and Serra de S. Mamede, Portugal.